Young adults and teenagers
Cardiac problems in young people are rare, but when they occur can be devastating,
affecting even those considered fit and well. In many countries such as Italy and the US
young people participating in sport at any level routinely undergo cardiac screening. The
European Cardiac Society recommendations are for cardiac screening in those over 12
participating in any form of competitive sports www.sportscardiology.co.uk
Screening has not been adopted in this country, but the charity CRY is campaigning for
cardiac screening with an ECG for all 14 year olds.
At The Physicians' Clinic we are able to provide a comprehensive screening in those aged 12
years and above which includes an ECG, echo and consultation all within the same visit.
Amateur athletes
A cardiac screen is available for those already involved in sports and for those about to
embark on a new sports regimen. This involves an ECG, echo and consultation all within
the same visit.
A cardiac check in 'veteran' athletes is also designed to look for evidence of coronary artery
disease, which is more common in those over 35 years. In addition, although long-term
exercise is overall more healthy for an individual, there is a higher incidence of atrial fibrillation (irregular heart
beat) in athletes who continue to participate in sport over the age of 35 years.
In veteran atheletes the screening involves an ECG, echo and exercise treadmill test. A lipid (cholesterol) test
may also be performed if not recently checked by your GP.
Professional athletes/teams
Dr Varnava sees many premiership football teams for their routine cardiac screening (West Ham, Fulham,
Tottenham Hotspurs, Queens Park Rangers, Watford and Stoke City) and has probably the widest practice in this
field. In addition, Dr Varnava screens football scholars (under 16s) and is on the list of recognized cardiologists
for the FA.
Dr Varnava also sees the England Women's Rugby team and many cyclists.
With Cardiodirect (a diagnostic service with mobile facilities) Dr Varnava is able to offer a team screening
service that can be brought to the clubs' facilities for added convenience.
Diving
An unusual but recognised complication of diving can be the bends. This is due to the passage of bubbles from
one side of the heart to the other during decompression. Many 'normal' hearts have a small hole (a patent
foramen ovale) that may allow this passage of bubbles. In normal circumstances these holes lead to no ill
effect, but during diving may become a problem. A 'bubble' echo scan (see investigations) can detect these
holes and allow a further assessment of whether they should be closed by a key hole operation.
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